Navigating the complex immigration system is challenging enough without predatory scammers targeting vulnerable populations. California Attorney General Rob Bonta is sounding the alarm about a growing threat known as “notario” fraud, where unqualified individuals prey on immigrants seeking legal assistance.

In many Spanish-speaking countries, “notarios” are respected legal professionals with extensive credentials. However, in the United States, a notary public is simply someone authorized to witness document signatures – not a legal expert. This critical distinction is being exploited by unscrupulous individuals who falsely claim they can help immigrants with legal matters.

These fraudulent “experts” often target immigrants by leveraging fear surrounding potential deportation and complex immigration processes. They may advertise themselves as immigration consultants, experts, or paralegals, but they are legally prohibited from providing actual immigration legal services.

Only licensed attorneys, accredited representatives, and recognized organizations are legally permitted to provide immigration legal advice or represent individuals in immigration court. Anyone else offering such services is potentially committing fraud.

Bonta strongly warns immigrants to be extremely cautious. Red flags include unsolicited communications claiming issues with immigration status, demands for personal information or money, and promises of quick or guaranteed immigration solutions.

Importantly, no legitimate federal or state agency – including U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services – will ever request personal information or payments via phone, email, or text message. Social media advertisements promising miraculous immigration assistance should be viewed with extreme skepticism.

Protecting yourself means staying informed, verifying credentials, and seeking help only from certified legal professionals. By understanding these risks, immigrants can safeguard themselves against potential scams and navigate their legal journeys more securely.